The Lancet Planetary Health, February 2025

Environmental and patient safety outcomes of a health-system Green Anesthesia Initiative (GAIA): a retrospective observational cohort study

Inhaled anaesthetics are greenhouse gases. However, changes in the delivery of inhaled anaesthetics can mitigate environmental impact.

We hypothesised that system-wide changes to the delivery of anaesthesia care would reduce environmental harm without compromising patient outcomes.